Although Nepal entered in the history of computing and computer lately. The real and formal use of computing in Nepal is started from the census of 2018 B.S. Therefore, the history of computer in Nepal can be mentioned in the following points.It .....

Lady Augusta Ada Lovelace is known as first computer programmer because she was the person who suggested Charles Babbage to use binary number system in his Analytical engine and operated it for the first .....

The name of parts and their related functions of Analytical Engine developed by Charles Babbageare:Punched card: As Input device Mil: As processing Unit Suitable Output device Storage device, etc. .....

The concept of input, output, processing and storage used by Charles Babbage in his analytical engine became the basis for the evaluation of using bits in his machine. Since the dream of modern computers has come true only due to the Babbage's .....

English mathematician Charles Babbage is considered as the father of computer science. His inventions are Difference Engine and Analytical .....

Disadvantages of open source software are: They are not reliable. Helps and user manual are not .....

The advantages of open source software are:Availability of source code & right to modify. Right to redistribute the program code. Right to use the software in any way. .....

Proprietary softwareare also known as special software which does not provide the right to examine modify & redistribute its copies and the programs source code. .....

Open source software is free software which gives user the freedom to run the program to modify & redistribute its .....

The equivalent machine level program or binary program obtained after the translation from high level language is known as object program (code). .....

The codes (program) written in high level language which is to be translated into machine code is known as source .....

Device driveris a set of programs that controls and manages the device by making them usable in computer .....

Assembler is a language processor which translates the assembly language program into machine language, e.g. pseudo .....

Compiler Interpreter 1. It converts the statement of high level language at once. 1. It converts the statement of high level language line by line. 2. It is difficult to debug. 2. It is easy to debug. 3. .....

The program which translates the program written in any programming language to machine level language is known as language processor or translator, e.g. compiler, interpreter, assembler .....

Utility software is a small helper programs that perform the task related to the maintenance of computer hardware and software. E.g. Norton disk Doctor, defragmenteretc. .....

Application software is the complete self-contained program that performs a specific function directly to the computer. Types of application software are: Package software Tailor .....

System software is the set of programs that are designed to control the operations of a computer system. They are: i. System management software ii. System development software. .....

Software is the collection of programs that makes computer work. In another word, it is the set of programs that operates and control hardware and performs specific task. Types of software are: i. System software ii. Application software .....

Pen drive is a new generation flash memory device connected to USB ports which is small, portable and handy in nature. It is one of the easiest devices for data transfer. .....

Zip disk is a removable disk that stores the data magnetically and looks like an ordinary floppy disk but can store 70 times more data than a floppy .....

A computer needs a secondary storage to store the information and programs for long term permanent purpose and makes them available or accessible when .....

Sequential access storage devices are such types of secondary storage which searches the data from the beginning of the disk. These types of devices are not commonly used now days because data access is slower. E.g. Magnetic .....

The advantages of hard disk over floppy disk are: 1. Hard disk can store more data than floppy disk. 2. Data access time in hard disk is less than floppy disk. 3. Hard disk is stronger than floppy disk. .....

Optical storage are the devices that use laser light technology to retrieve and store optically. They are CD-ROM, CD-RW, DVD-ROM .....

Magnetic disks are direct access storage devices which store data on magnet coated surface for permanently E.g. Hard disk, floppy disk etc. .....

Secondary storage or memory is the auxiliary storage which hold the data and instructions for long term permanent purpose. They are: i. Magnetic storage (Disk) ii. Optical storage (Disk) iii. Sequential storage .....

Memory is a hardware which stores data instructions. The major classification of memory are:Primary memory Secondary memory (storage) .....

The function of control unit is to control and coordinate all the functions inside the computer maintaining the supervisory work. The function of ALU is to perform all the mathematical and logical functions inside the .....

Uninterruptible Power Supply is a common power protection device which supplies constant flow of electricity to the computer and its components in order to prevent computer and data from being lost and .....

Micro-processor is the brain of computer that processes data and controls different parts of computer with the help of operating system. .....

Mother Board is a main printed circuit board of computer which contains the vital components of computer such as CPU, memory chips, expansion slots etc. .....

Read Only Memory is called non volatile memory because its data contents remain permanent and do not loss as soon as electricity is not supplied. .....

Random Access Memory is called volatile memory because its data contents remain permanent and do not loss as soon as electricity in not supplied. .....

A computer needs primary memory in order to hold data, instructions and information after entering from the keyboard, during the time of processing and after .....

The high speed memory placed in between main memory and CPU to increase the processing speed is known as cache .....

SRAM DRAM i. It stands for static Random Access memory. i. It stands for dynamic Random Access memory. ii. It does not need periodic refreshing. ii. It needs periodic refreshing. iii. It stores .....

ROM RAM i. It stands for Read only memory i. It stands for Random Access memory. ii. It is non-volatile (permanent) memory. ii. It is volatile (temporary) memory. iii. It's types are PROM, EPROM, EEPROM etc. iii. It's types are SRAM, DRAM etc. .....

The primary memory also known as main memory is internal semiconductor based memory. Its types are: RAM  .....

Primary memory Secondary memory i. It is directly accessed by CPU. i. It is accessed by CPU via an interface. ii. It is main memory used for present purpose. ii. It is auxiliary memory used for future purpose. iii. It is expensive e.g. ROM, RAM .....

CPU is an electric brain to computer which process and controls all the activity of computer system. The section of CPU are: Control unit Arithmetic and logic unit Memory .....

Port name and their related devices are: Port name Related devices 1. Serial port Mouse 2. Parallel port Printer 3. USB port Pen drive, USB mouse, USB printer etc. 4. VGA port Monitor 5. Game port Joystick 6. Ethernet port Network connector 7. .....

Parallel port Serial port 1. They are also known as ‘LPT' ports. 1. They are also known as ‘COM' ports. 2. The specification of parallel port is Unidirectional. 2. The specification of serial port .....

Ports are the interfaces or connecting points where the various peripheral devices are connected to communicate with the computer system, broadly there are the following type of ports. Serial ports Parallel ports USB ports .....

Bubble Jet printers are the latest non-impact printers manufactured by Cannon Company an Hewlett Packard. These printers use thermal Bubble technology to print on the paper on which tiny registers create heat, and this heat vaporizes ink to create a .....

Ink jet printers are non-impact type of printer that form character or all kinds of images by spraying small drops of ink on a paper. These printers produce high quality output than impact .....

Laser printers are high speed not impact page printers that print one page at a time. They consists laser beam source, mirror, a photoconductive drum and toner. They follow the electrostatic principle while printing and produce very high quality .....

They are also impact type faster printer which prints an entire line at a time. These types of printer have a set of hammers in the front of the drum in a manner that an inked ribbon and paper can be placed between the hammers .....

They are also impact type printer which use hammer like object to hit on inked object & form impression on paper. Every hammer of daisy wheel printer contains letter face and is arranged in wheel like .....

Dot matrix printers are impact type character printers that print one character at a time. They form characters or all kinds of images as a pattern of dots by hitting an inked object i.e. .....